#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#define int long long
using namespace std;
int mainstd(int c)
{
	int ans=0.0;
	while(c%2==0)
	{
		c/=2;
		ans++;
	} 
	return ans;
}
signed main()
{
	int c,s[100000],g[100000],mepe[100000]={0};
	cin>>c;
	for(int i=0;i<=c-1;i++){
		cin>>s[i]>>g[i];
	}
	for(int i=0;i<=c-1;i++){
		for(int u=s[i];u<=g[i];u++)
		{
			if(mainstd(u)<mainstd(u+1)){
				mepe[i]++;
			}
		}
	}
	for(int b=0;b<c;b++)
	cout<<mepe[b]<<endl;
	return 0;
}